{"id":22743,"date":"2021-04-06T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-06T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cancerresearch.org\/2021\/04\/what-to-expect-in-cancer-immunotherapy-in-2021\/"},"modified":"2022-08-28T23:21:06","modified_gmt":"2022-08-29T03:21:06","slug":"what-to-expect-in-cancer-immunotherapy-in-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cancerresearch.org\/es\/blog\/what-to-expect-in-cancer-immunotherapy-in-2021","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e9 esperar de la inmunoterapia contra el c\u00e1ncer en 2021: COVID-19, biomarcadores y modelos de ensayos cl\u00ednicos\ufffc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>El impacto positivo de la inmunoterapia contra el c\u00e1ncer en el consultorio es creciente y es un factor importante en el reciente anuncio sobre\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.org\/latest-news\/facts-and-figures-2021.html\">la mayor disminuci\u00f3n de mortalidad por c\u00e1ncer registrada en un a\u00f1o<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Lamentablemente, la inmunoterapia todav\u00eda no es eficaz en la mayor\u00eda de los pacientes. Pero apenas hemos comenzado a saber c\u00f3mo aprovechar las virtudes curativas del sistema inmunitario contra el c\u00e1ncer. Equipos de m\u00e9dicos y cient\u00edficos dedicados abordan las preguntas m\u00e1s importantes a\u00fan sin respuesta en este campo, lo que genera esperanzas en cuanto a una mayor comprensi\u00f3n de las virtudes curativas de la inmunoterapia.<\/p>\n<p>Para conocer mejor la situaci\u00f3n actual de este tratamiento y su proyecci\u00f3n hacia el pr\u00f3ximo a\u00f1o, invitamos al Dr. Kunle Odunsi, Ph. D., director del Centro Integral de C\u00e1ncer de Medicina de la Universidad de Chicago, exsubdirector del Centro Oncol\u00f3gico Roswell Park y miembro asociado del Consejo Asesor Cient\u00edfico del Cancer Research Institute (CRI), a acompa\u00f1arnos en la primera entrega de nuestra serie de seminarios web de 2021 sobre educaci\u00f3n del paciente \u00abLa inmunoterapia y Usted\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kaOdTf5BGPs\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>En 2020, las personas con c\u00e1ncer y sus cuidadores tuvieron que enfrentarse a un enemigo m\u00e1s: el COVID-19. Odunsi explic\u00f3 que las personas con c\u00e1ncer, si se infectan con el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, tienen m\u00e1s probabilidades de sufrir casos graves de COVID-19.\u00a0 Eso se debe a que el c\u00e1ncer, as\u00ed como algunos tipos de tratamientos, como la quimioterapia, pueden inhibir el sistema inmunitario y debilitar su capacidad protectora, incluso contra los virus.<\/p>\n<p>Odunsi elogi\u00f3 la aprobaci\u00f3n de dos vacunas de ARN mensajero contra el COVID-19, que cree que ser\u00e1n \u00fatiles para las personas con c\u00e1ncer, incluso para las que est\u00e1n en tratamiento.\u00a0 Asimismo, advirti\u00f3 que a\u00fan no contamos con una gran cantidad de datos sobre las reacciones de los pacientes y que estos siempre deben consultar a su onc\u00f3logo. Sin embargo, no vio ninguna raz\u00f3n para que la gran mayor\u00eda de las personas con c\u00e1ncer sean m\u00e1s propensas a presentar una reacci\u00f3n negativa a la vacuna.<\/p>\n<p>Al tiempo que parece atisbarse el fin de la pandemia, Odunsi manifest\u00f3 el inmenso orgullo que siente por sus colegas y la materia, en general: \u00abLa comunidad cient\u00edfica se ha enfrentado al desaf\u00edo con trabajos de colaboraci\u00f3n y nuevas formas de pensar c\u00f3mo cuidamos a los pacientes con c\u00e1ncer que no tienen precedentes\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>En cuanto a los trabajos para mejorar la inmunoterapia contra el c\u00e1ncer, Odunsi destac\u00f3 las nuevas aplicaciones de\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancerresearch.org\/treatment-types\/immunomodulators\">inhibidores de puntos de control<\/a>\u00a0y\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancerresearch.org\/treatment-types\/adoptive-cell-therapy\">terapias celulares adoptivas<\/a>\u00a0que se est\u00e1n explorando en los ensayos cl\u00ednicos.<\/p>\n<p>Para maximizar los beneficios de la inmunoterapia, especialmente cuando se trata de encontrar combinaciones adecuadas de tratamientos para las personas, los m\u00e9dicos deber\u00e1n desarrollar biomarcadores que reflejen con mayor precisi\u00f3n la compleja relaci\u00f3n entre el c\u00e1ncer y el sistema inmunitario.<\/p>\n<p>Los modelos de ensayos cl\u00ednicos de c\u00e1ncer est\u00e1n comenzando a adaptarse, lo que facilita a los m\u00e9dicos la b\u00fasqueda de biomarcadores espec\u00edficos.\u00a0 La adopci\u00f3n m\u00e1s amplia de estas estrategias de muestreo, que incluyen el uso de an\u00e1lisis de sangre, nos ayudar\u00e1 a centrarnos en conocimientos importantes que puedan utilizarse para mejorar la atenci\u00f3n en el consultorio y allanar el camino para la pr\u00f3xima generaci\u00f3n de inmunoterapias.<\/p>\n<p>Las nuevas tecnolog\u00edas, y la velocidad y profundidad de los an\u00e1lisis que estas pueden proporcionar, tambi\u00e9n son factores clave.<\/p>\n<p>\u00abLa tecnolog\u00eda ha avanzado tanto que, en pocos d\u00edas, podemos tener una compresi\u00f3n total de la expresi\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica de un tumor\u00bb, se\u00f1al\u00f3 Odunsi. \u00abLa incorporaci\u00f3n de todas esas tecnolog\u00edas en nuestros ensayos cl\u00ednicos acelerar\u00e1 el ritmo de descubrimiento de los biomarcadores.\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>\u00abLa identificaci\u00f3n de biomarcadores es crucial porque, si encontramos un biomarcador, por ejemplo, en un c\u00e1ncer de ovario, tal vez esto ayude a un paciente con c\u00e1ncer de colon o con c\u00e1ncer de ri\u00f1\u00f3n\u00bb, continu\u00f3 Odunsi. \u00abPodemos aprovechar el conocimiento de los biomarcadores para decir, incluso, si se trata de un c\u00e1ncer poco com\u00fan, que tiene tal o cual caracter\u00edstica gen\u00e9tica o molecular. Por lo tanto, deber\u00eda responder a tal o cual tipo de inmunoterapia.\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Para obtener m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n sobre lo que vendr\u00e1 en inmunoterapia en 2021, vea nuestro seminario web con el Dr. Odunsi. Para obtener m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n sobre inmunoterapia, vea los seminarios web anteriores del CRI.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. Kunle Odunsi shares his thoughts on what lies ahead for the field of cancer immunotherapy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":16988,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[377],"tags":[403,402,391,404,405],"resource_cancer_types":[],"resource_patient_age":[],"resource_cancer_stage":[],"resource_treatment_type":[],"resource_treatment_status":[],"class_list":["post-22743","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sin-categorizar","tag-biomarkers-es","tag-covid-19-es","tag-patient-education-es","tag-scientific-leadership-es","tag-webinars-es"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What to Expect in Cancer Immunotherapy in 2021<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dr. Kunle Odunsi shares his thoughts on what lies ahead for the field of cancer immunotherapy.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cancerresearch.org\/blog\/what-to-expect-in-cancer-immunotherapy-in-2021\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What to Expect in Cancer Immunotherapy in 2021\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dr. Kunle Odunsi shares his thoughts on what lies ahead for the field of cancer immunotherapy.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cancerresearch.org\/blog\/what-to-expect-in-cancer-immunotherapy-in-2021\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Cancer Research Institute\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-06T11:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-08-29T03:21:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cancerresearch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/387e1c10-2856-4068-8874-217a7aca652f.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Arthur N. 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